Waymo's New Reference Model for Human Collision Avoidance

Paper: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-026-73345-0

> ... existing models of human collision avoidance behavior are fragmented, focusing on specific scenarios or only describing certain aspects of the avoidance behavior, such as response times. This paper addresses these gaps by proposing a computational cognitive model of human collision avoidance behavior based on active inference. Active inference provides a unified approach to modeling human behavior: the minimization of free energy.