They might be compelled to issue a certificate to an unauthorized (by browser PKI policies, not local law) entity, but that would be very conspicuous due to Certificate Transparency.
Let me introduce you to the phrase "I don't see a mechanism."
I'm not familiar with this phrase, but I think I did a good job citing a comparable example in my original post.
Things that definitely don't happen. Those same encryption standards are used by the US military, and the international cryptography community can pretty readily rule out keyed backdoors.
The thought that supercomputers could break Internet encryption by brute force is laughable. One would have to be innumerate to think such a thing.
Citation please? There's been documented instances of exactly that, and extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence.