This is what happened: he tweaked settings galore, hoping to squeeze out more performance somehow. Nerds tend to do this; it's natural.
However by removing the automatic settings and forcing it into one or more configurations that may have been suboptimal, performance actually decreased.
When he returned the settings to "fully automatic" everything was fine and dandy and maximal.
Moral of the story (and I quote): "Resist the urge to tinker with these settings."
You can basically ignore everything except that last line—and if you're familiar with the excellent AirPort Extreme, you probably already knew that.