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Not by output, for output - as in, not paid per unit of output, but paid for achieving a sufficient level of it, the definition of which frequently changes. That's baked into the definition of salaried.

Anything commissions based might fit the bill?

Commission is not salary.

i think we could say with a high level of certainty that someone with a subpar output will typically be punished in some way.

it feels very disingenuous to pretend there aren’t expectations of a certain level of output.

For sure, but incentives are different when your pay is perfectly proportional to output rather than having a salary.