reward hacking = the model finding the fastest path to a high score, not the behavior you wanted. same reason RLHF reward models degrade with too many optimization steps.
This was on a ~200-line surface I thought I'd locked down, and it still got gamed in a way I might not have caught right away if it wasn't a nearly impossible run time (~45usec). So anyways...you apparently don't need a soft proxy or a lot of steps for this kind of thing to show up.