The absolute number of "people detained" is meaningless, you have to compare it to the behavior of those people, otherwise you are led to silly conclusions such as that the criminal justice system fanatically hates men, because there are 10x more men in prison than women [1]. Once you normalize prison population by an indicator of violent crime, such as homicide rate, the USA stops being an outlier ('homicide' and 'incarceration' are rates per 100k) [2,3]:
homicide incarceration prisoners per homicide
USA 5.763 541 93.9
China 0.502 119 237.1
Norway 0.725 55 75.9
Canada 1.98 90 45.5
France 1.335 115 86.1
[1] https://www.statista.com/statistics/252828/number-of-prisone...[2] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_incarcera...
[3] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_intention...