Re-factoring code is a _panacea_ -- it's more likely factors that contributed to the code needing re-factoring in the first place, are very much in place still to contribute to the same condition repeating eventually, and another round you go. The factors that produce the causes of re-factoring, usually border on psychological causes embedded deeply within the brains of the developer or developers that are owners of the code. Habits, beliefs, convictions, even "professional traumas". Related here is Conway's Law, where the team, for all individual capacity and capability, cannot but build software that mimics the structure of the developers' ultimate (larger) organisation, thus tying the success of the former to the success of the latter. Re-factoring will only largely repeat the outcome if the organisation hasn't changed.

The exception being obviously a team approaching someone else's codebase -- including that of their predecessor, if they can factor in for Conway's Law -- to re-factor it.

But the same person or persons announcing re-factoring? I always try to walk away from those discussions, knowing very well they're just going to build a better mouse trap. For themselves.

Don't get me wrong, iteration of your own then-brain's product is all well and good, but it takes _more_ to escape the carousel. It takes sitting down and noting down primary factors driving poor architecture and taking a long hard look in the mirror. Not everything is subjective or equivalent, as much as many a developer would like to believe. It's very attractive to stick to "as long as we're careful and diligent, even sub-optimal design can be implemented well". No, it won't be -- this one is a poster-child exception to the rule if there ever was one -- your _design_ is the root and from it and it alone springs the tree that you'll need to accept or cut down, and trimming it only does so much.