An unstoppable mushroom is tearing through North American forests
bbc.com
bbc.com
I "hunt" (in German you use the verb "collect/gather") mushrooms in the forests around Zurich and I haven't seen these yet. They also don't appear in my Pilzfürher app specific to Switzerland. But I have heard they are here. From pictures I've seen of them in the wild I might dismiss them from a distance because I could mix them up with two common yellow mushrooms here - one poisonous.
(I'm going out to search for morels this weekend)
The German term is "Pilze sammeln" which literally translates to: collect mushrooms.
There are many dialects of the German language - where I'm from, we would use "Schwammerl suchen" ("Schwammerl" as another term for "Pilz(e)"). This literally translates to: searching for mushrooms.
Plus it's the title of a song on the Cowboy Bebop soundtrack, so it has that going for it.
I don't have any addictions in my life, but one. That's when morel season is in swing, I am in full hunt mode.
What's up with that?
Specifically for soup - which is, arguably, their best use - most people won't saute morels long enough before adding liquid, so it's always best to use dried for that. Otherwise, standard, boring, dry-sautéed + butter until tender works great, and has never given me a hint of upset.
The instructor of your friend's mushroom course may have been giving maximally-cautious advice, rather than trying to communicate nuance to the general public. That's often a wise choice. :-)
PS. If you're at all interested in foraging mushrooms, buy a copy of All the Rain Promises and More, by David Aurora. (If you're elsewhere than North America, buy a local guide, too, but still get ARPM.) Aside from the mushroom content it's wonderfully entertaining.
It's hydrazine.
They aren't 'difficult' to cook. They are dangerous to eat if uncooked (and thus undercooked).
While true morels themselves can be dangerous while uncooked, there are similar looking species that are both less and more dangerous.
Species of Gyromitra or "false morels" like Verpa Bohemica will commonly all be called "morels": both as an intentional cultural colloquialism or simple misidentification.
Depending on which hemisphere you live in, some Gyromitra species may be more dangerous than true morels. They can also be more dense and harder to cook thoroughly.
Most mushroom species will cause an upset stomach if undercooked. Drying is an effective way of reducing both dangerous and uncomfortable compounds. It's suggested for morels out of an abundance of caution, but it is not a necessary step.
(Note that not all compounds are destroyed! "Magic mushrooms" are famously traded dry for example!)
The advise to add an additional preparation step also increases the chance someone will notice the wrong species hiding in their ingredients. Undesirable species can have overlapping habitats and climates so its not uncommon for a careless or ignorant forager to pick the wrong thing.
People have died from eating them; they contain a powerful liver poison. Even claiming they are 'called "morels"' is ridiculous and irresponsible.
> Note that not all compounds are destroyed!
Mushrooms, like all matter, is made of "compounds". Dehydration is typically used to remove the dreaded dihydrogen monoxide!
There's a variety of mushroom that has killed in the US, but is reportedly sold in Scandinavian markets. My theory is that Scandinavian recipes specify pan-frying or drying them first, and the unlike USian skipped this step.
https://knowablemagazine.org/content/article/health-disease/...
https://www.fda.gov/food/outbreaks-foodborne-illness/investi...
They're 100% worth the very negligible risk.
Another is that you need to get a feel for the conditions your local edible species like. Mushrooms will appear most of the year where I live, but the worthwhile hunting times fall into fairly narrow bands in spring and fall, though prolonged rains and cooler weather in summer will rapidly generate huge stands of some species too. You kind of get a feel for it over time.
Finally, you need a good guide, ideally human at first and then a credible book that's ideally specific to your region to some degree. As an example, North America is a huge area to make a book for! They exist though, and they're still useful if you can't find anything more specific. British Columbia helpfully narrows it down, then Vancouver Island even further. Sometimes you'll find books specific to regions within your state like that, and that's the best in my experience. Look for a local mycology club and they'll have the best literature and guides on lock. They'll also probably welcome you out for some group hunting and guiding. These people are almost always extremely helpful, friendly, knowledgeable, and excited to have new members.
Like with fishing, making it about getting outside and enjoying nature rather than requiring each outing to be a huge success helps. At first you might get skunked pretty frequently and have no idea why. Over time you'll get a feel for things, find reliable stands of species you love, and get better at spotting what you're looking for.
I think AI/LLM with RAG is the ideal solution for this mushroom hunting/foraging.
With mobile phone fine-tuning multi-modal app capability and NTN satellite connection to the cloud, you're loaded for the bear, err mushrooms.
Check this video on Golden Chanterelle mushrooms hunting in Santa Barbara, Southern California where one lb can cost around USD20-30. The guys managed to gathered around 80lb for the trip or about USD1600 minimum if sold [1].
[1] Mushroom Hunting Catch and Cook (80lbs Found!):
what i could get behind is if this is used in a nice culinary experience thats unique to a region
like shiitake mushrooms
For example the Japanese knotweed evolved to grow on the side of volcanoes and survive the occasional lava flow. It's a uniquely harsh environment which prepares it for thriving in any "gentle" garden in the world. But the mushrooms didn't evolve in any particularly bad environment, so why are these species outcompeting local ones? Why are they so fit for a new environment?
I know I have some selection and survivorship bias because I only know of the species that made it, not the ones which try to invade and fail so that's why I'm curious if this is a special situation, or more or less expected because a known percentage of species from any part of the world end up outcompeting local species from another.
Like the farmer in the article, I also wondered about the apparent lack of effort in growing native species. My area has a wonderful native oyster Pleurotus populinus; exceptional in taste compared to other oysters, but I have never heard of anyone cultivating them.
I just can't imagine doing agriculture in 2026. I have a masters in Mechanical Engineering and 2 decades of experience. It just seems like something for uneducated people.
They both cook down to a boring beige, but package of yellow food will always outsell gray food.
It's the same with any invading species. Go pluck all the Japanese honeysuckle and knotweed (not the fault of the Japanese, BTW: we planted them!), kudzu, golden oysters, garlic mustard, invasive rose, and so on that you like. Smash all the spotted lanternflies in your entire city! Etc.
Those populations will barely hiccup, and then continue.
We have no real plan, maybe not even a real ability, to stop any of them. They are establishing themselves high up in native populations, largely due to lack of controlling pressures (generally a lack of predator/grazers, and parasites).
We're in a painful transition point, spurred on by human travel and long-range commerce (shipping by ground, sea, and air). Even if we began (somehow!) bio-filtering everything we shipped right now, it's too late.
There will eventually be a new balance, or at least a new temporary equilibrium. Unfortunately, a lot of things we like are going to be displaced or even extincted by the pressure of this rapid change, whether it's songbirds or oranges or a significant percentage of the human species.
The scariest stories, beyond the usual “oops I ate a death cap,” to me are people growing oyster mushrooms and finding their house infested. Oyster mushrooms popping their heads out of every crack and nook in bathrooms, crawl spaces, and kitchens. Basically any crevice with moisture.
[]https://www.reddit.com/r/mushroomID/comments/rlozpo/these_gr...
[]https://old.reddit.com/r/microbiology/comments/lwpjas/theres...
I was hoping it had not made it to Texas since it was reported mostly in the NE US but it looks like some people have started cultivating it here and it may have escaped cultivation sometime during the last few years.
Considering that it is an invasive fungus that is known to degrade all the natives in the area it should be no surprise that the questions about whether the fungus was found growing on a grow block are rarely or never answered in the Texas reports. This could be due to the questions being asked by researchers trying to identify spread mechanisms from posts that are several years old. The original poster may not respond either because they don't remember or they are not as active as they used to be.
I think there are 8 reports in the state today and at least one is obviously in a grow medium of sawdust. [1] The fact that people placed most of their sitings on parks instead of home gardens when more than one case clearly shows a residential setting may suggest that they are growing something that they know can escape but they would like others to think they found it in the wild so it isn't their problem.
I have a great natural environment for them with several live oak widowmakers standing dead for around 25 years. I have not seen any yellow mushrooms though, yet. I think the native mulch industry in Texas will probably be their main spread vector since hardwoods are mulched locally and sold all over the state. As far as I know there are fewer restrictions on mulch sales from infected areas than there are on firewood sales across county lines. I think mulch may incorrectly be classified as compost in this case where the assumption is that there has been large scale degradation sterilization of weed seeds, fungal spores, etc due to decomposition temperatures.
[0]https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/504060-Pleurotus-citrinopil...
> ~0.1% of southern forestland), which is a fraction of worse invasives: Japanese honeysuckle (4.4%) and Asian privet (1.4%).
Sample size of 1 here (I know), but I've spent a meaningful portion of my life outdoors in the south and I have _never_ seen swaths of the landscape covered with Japanese Honeysuckle or Asian Privet like I have Kudzu. It absolutely dominates _everything_ in areas where it's present here (not surprising when it can grow up to a 1 foot (0.3 m) a day.)
Not trying to say you're incorrect, just trying to get a better handle on this. The thought that there are more destructive invasive plants in the US south than Kudzu is kind of blowing my mind.
I guarantee you that if you've spent a meaningful portion of your life outdoors in the south you have seen Japanese Honeysuckle at the least, it is everywhere. But it's not a dramatic/easily identifiable shower like kudzu.
The data I'm citing is from my textbook for my Ohio Citizen Volunteer Naturalist program I did in the Fall semester, it cites the US Forest report but doesn't give a link. I think it's from this report [PDF warning]: https://www.srs.fs.usda.gov/pubs/gtr/gtr_srs178/gtr_srs178_3...
EDIT: Another good read (https://gardenrant.com/2023/10/kudzu-not-the-evil-creeper-we...) which links to a very popular article from the teens: https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/true-story-kud...
If you've ever bought or eaten "marionberry" this plant is where it grows.
Fungus, although exploratory, definitely prefer ideal environments (and inherently are co-operative, at least form a intra-species hyphae POV) — why would they attempt wandering across oceans/mountains/deserts (yes, certain fungi inhabit these niche environments).
For those interested, there have been a number of studies that put numbers on the action radius. When genetic manipulation of wind pollinators (e.g. wheat, corn and others grasses) came in vogue they needed to put a number on the dispersal of modified pollen.
Many, if not most, wood-decaying mushrooms (those that break down dead wood) rely on killing nematodes to supply nitrogen, which is otherwise short supply in their diet. They use adaptations that resemble glue pads, tripwire nooses, or even hydro-pumped harpoons to trap the "helpless nematodes" (oh, the humanity! Won't somebody think of the worms?). It's not rare; it just wasn't known until circa 2000. And it's not unique to the invading fungus; our native oysters were where this discovery was first made.
Spare me the "poor defenseless prey animal" BS, and tell me about the known or suspected ecological impact - the reduction in fungal diversity is relevant, at least.
> Oyster mushrooms also happen to be one of the few carnivorous mushrooms – preying mercilessly on nematode worms.
That's it. That's the one sentence related to the topic. You have imagined things to get mad about.
The first sentence is:
"The razor blade of the newly unpacked surgical scalpel glints in the late Autumn light."
So I just immediately stopped reading.
This style of writing is exhausting and too common. It's an article about mushrooms, not a spy action thriller.
It feels like there had been some shift over the past decade that has been pushing / encouraging this style of writing, and I'm not sure what's caused it or what the solution is.
It's getting to the point that I'll need to use an LLM to summarize any article I care about to just extract the relevant info.
That would be particularly ironic if it was an LLM that generated the article.
Why aren't you?
The vast majority of writers at the end of the day write these stories to sell them. The old venues that sold advertising to places where you would read the stories you are talking about are long dead. Google, et al, have sucked up all that money making them a trillion dollars. Now anyone that wants to sell a story is left fighting for pennies on clickbait.