Hawaiian Kingdom was only minority indigenous FWIW at the time it was taken by the US.
The plantations also pre-date the US taking them over.
The elites promoted the sugar industry. Americans set up plantations after 1850.[44] Few natives were willing to work on them, so recruiters fanned out across Asia and Europe. As a result, between 1850 and 1900, some 200,000 contract laborers from China, Japan, the Philippines, Portugal and elsewhere worked in Hawaiʻi under fixed term contracts (typically for five years). Most returned home on schedule, but many settled there. By 1908 about 180,000 Japanese workers had arrived. No more were allowed in, but 54,000 remained permanently.[45]
At the time US took it over, those oppressed by plantation elites included the Filipino, Chinese, and other minority groups who were segregated and pitted against each other. Despite this, the Hawaiians have chosen a racist program that only lets one of the oppressed minority groups claim the Hawaiian Homelands land grants that help relieve homelessness. This despite the fact the "Hawaiian Homelands" are on
state lands and not on reservation lands under which constitutional provisions like equal protection might not apply.
For quite awhile, Hawaii was also the only state in the Union I know of with explicitly racist voting laws. It was not until the year ~2000 (Rice v Cayetano) that the rest of the races on the plantations (including again chinese, filipino, etc) could vote for all the public offices (hilariously in that case RBG showed her racist colors and dissented, denying equal voting rights guaranteed under the 15th amendment).