"From the dawn of the Space Age through the present, NASA has relied on resilient software running on redundant hardware to make up for physical defects, wear and tear, sudden failures, or even the effects of cosmic rays on equipment."

An interesting case study in this domain is to compare the Saturn V Launch Vehicle Digital Computer with the Apollo Guidance Computer

Now the LVDC, that was a real flight computer, triply redundant, every stage in the processing pipeline had to be vote confirmed, the works.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Launch_Vehicle_Digital_Compute...

Compare the AGC, with no redundancy. a toy by comparison. But the AGC was much faster and lighter so they just shipped two of them(three if you count the one in the lunar module) and made sure it was really good at restarting fast.

There is a lesson to be learned here but I am not sure what it is. Worse is better? Can not fail vs fail gracefully?