He is not using an LLM in some new and exciting way. The process of making a personalized mRNA vaccine looks something like this:

1. Collect and sequence patient's normal and tumor genomes 2. Predict immunogenic neoantigens from genome 3. Generate optimized mRNA sequence from neoantigens 4. Create vaccine from sequence

modulo some variations, which I wrote off the top of my head because I understand this technology.

Steps 1 and 4 are done by contracted labs. Steps 2 and 3 are doable through open-source computational tools and a little engineering. What does ChatGPT do here? ChatGPT explains the process, finds labs that will do 1 and 4 for pay, finds published algorithms and data for steps 2 and 3. It's barely more complicated than what ChatGPT would do to help a student with their homework.

Legal documents, on the other hand? Have you ever tried to get an LLM to do your taxes? It's not easy.