Emacs has a built-in M-x describe-char that prints out similar information and also this useful tip:

    to input: type "C-x 8 RET 2192" or "C-x 8 RET RIGHTWARDS ARROW"

However in the case of trying to type the name of a file in a shell, that has some weird unicode character in it, just copying the character is faster than to first identify it and then use some clever trick to type it. It can be useful to know for some small number of weird symbols how to insert them, or to use C-x 8 RET (followed by TAB-completion) to find symbols, but I almost always stick to what is available on my keyboard, and often only a small ASCII subset of that, to keep things simple.