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Thank you for sharing your solution.

I think per user token is good since we have captcha on registration. But we also want to something on non-logged-in pages/users. What can we do?

Also, if we connect the data point to a certain token, does that count as non-anonymously tracking user?

For anonymous users, generate a random token and store it in a cookie. Or you can use the IP address as nivla suggested.

Yes, at with these techniques you're tracking users across requests. But that's the point of this kind of analytics, isn't it?