Huge study finds a link between cannabis use in teens and psychosis later | Hacker News Reader

Huge study finds a link between cannabis use in teens and psychosis later

npr.org

12 points2OEH8eoCRo07 comments

Interesting, I was a mildly heavy cannabis user in my very early teens but stopped short right before starting my junior year of high school. My use was mostly motivated by teen angst and peer pressure, I never really enjoyed it I always felt uncomfortably anxious and hyper sensitive.

This study shows that anxiety was identified in many of the participants of the study, which is pretty close to how I feel now. I am in general and anxious individual and I wonder if this was because of the marijuana use. Well it could also be how anxiety is pretty rampant in my family so could just be in my genes.

In a study of voluntary use like this, it seems like the null hypothesis is that people who were going to be diagnosed with mental illness chose to self-medicate ahead of time?

I don't understand how you can counter this potential selection bias, given that it would not be ethical to do a randomized trial instead of voluntary usage.

The finding is:

> past-year cannabis use was associated with a significantly increased risk of incident psychotic, bipolar, depressive, and anxiety disorders by age 26 years

They claim correlation, not causation.

They also address this subject in the discussion:

>Existing research suggests that the relationship between adolescent cannabis use and psychiatric disorders is complex and bidirectional. Adolescents with mental health symptoms or diagnoses may use cannabis as a way to mitigate distress, cannabis may contribute to mental health symptoms and diagnoses through neurobiological changes, and there may be shared social and biological risk factors that contribute to both mental health symptoms and cannabis use.

>Despite potential use of cannabis to self-medicate mental health symptoms, ongoing use of cannabis is associated with worsening mood symptoms29 and poorer adherence to medication treatment and psychotherapy.

>While it is not possible to definitively determine causality, this study had a strong retrospective cohort design. The temporal order of cannabis use preceded incident psychiatric disorder diagnoses by a mean of 1.7 to 2.3 years, supporting the possibility of a contributory role.

>The findings remained significant even after adjusting for a history of psychiatric disorders and other time-varying substance use and excluding adolescents with any history of a psychiatric disorder in sensitivity analyses, indicating unique associations between adolescent cannabis use and psychiatric disorders that go beyond broader adolescent psychopathology or substance use.

>This was a conservative approach, as other psychiatric disorders might be mediators or confounders depending on the timing and the underlying pathways. Furthermore, E-values indicated that only a strong unmeasured confounder with HRs of 3.79 to 1.79 could explain the associations, suggesting that adolescent cannabis use may be an independent risk factor.

>However, reverse causation cannot be ruled out, as some individuals may begin to use cannabis to self-medicate prodromal symptoms of psychiatric disorders even before a diagnosis is made. Future research with more nuanced measurement of cannabis use, including frequency, mode of use, and product strength, alongside regular screening and assessment for psychiatric disorder symptoms and diagnosis would help to further elucidate the timing and mechanisms underlying these associations.

It has long been known(1940's)that first use of cannabis will (rarely) lead to an imediate profound psychotic break, sometimes permanent. And amongst the rastas I have heard it said that it is "not for stupid people", along with other things :)

A friend and roomate of mine had his first break after a night like this.

He overindulged on his first use, slept it off, and woke up a paranoid schizophrenic. Paced around the house talking to himself and accusing me of things.

Perhaps unrelated but I find it hard to believe. His parents came and were very mad at me, took him away and I never spoke to him again. His father suffered from it as well I later found out.

I think it should be hopefully obvious to everyone by now, that bashing your neurons with a bunch of chemicals during critical formative years always carries some risk of later consequences. That applies to alcohol and nicotine and HFCS and caffeine and leaded gasoline and dude weed lmao.

Anecdote: For the teenager reading this now, I'm not saying you should be a completely straightedge loser and abstain from whatever this generation's sex drugs and rocknroll equivalent is, but...

I know a few stoners that had to get serious therapy after highschool, and the drugs were probably a major factor in this. Not definitive proof, but maybe ya know, tone it down a little for the sake of your future self? Just a mild suggestion.

Although also people who have shitty stuff going on in their lives are both more likely to turn to substances for relief and more likely to need therapy.

Reply on news.ycombinator.com