The vast majority of countries require some form of voter identification. As of 2021, photo ID was required by 176 countries or jurisdictions for voting. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voter_identification_laws

Countries without voter ID requirements for elections at the national level are short: Australia and New Zealand. Close is Scotland, which does not require photo ID for Scottish government and council elections.

In the US, some states require voter ID to vote in national elections, while others don't.

So the US, Australia, and New Zealand are outliers.

It really boggles the mind why it is such a contentious issue in the US.