The first thing I thought of while opening this article was Qi / Shen, an optionally typed Lisp which takes inspiration from the ML family of languages. http://www.shenlanguage.org/

Shen's dedication to providing functional concepts such as partial application really interests me, but I find Clojure's practical nature even more enticing. Perhaps Typed Racket and this type system for Clojure will provide the best of both worlds!