If you search for ‘vectorization AI’ there are a handful of specialized tools and apis that can do it. It worked well for a handful of logos I wanted to convert. Nano banana generated the raster logos, and these other tools vectorized them
Input image is important too. When working with the generalist LLM on the raster art, give it context that you are making a logo, direct it to use strokes and fills and minimal color palette, readable at small sizes, etc.