The title makes me disinclined to read the whole paper. But I guess that's AI destroying institutions. Sigh. Social science != science.
If you want to further freak yourself out about probability look up Bertrand's Paradox and The Problem of Priors.
Yes Social Science is less accurate than what people call hard science, but the edges of scientific systems should concern yourself of validity of even hard science. Its pragmatically useful, yes, but metaphysical Truth? No.