[1]: http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/single-page.html#start-tags [2]: http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/#C_2
The <div> element is a "normal element", and the spec doesn't seem to indicate what to do with the slash/solidus on normal elements, only on void or foreign ones.
I got my information for my previous comment from an answer on StackOverflow[2], but the w3c's validator seems to back it up. The OP has been changed to use the explicit close tag on that element, so you'll have to edit the source to use the (non-)self-closing version to check it yourself, but it kicked up errors for me.
Specifically, the error given read "Self-closing syntax (/>) used on a non-void HTML element. Ignoring the slash and treating as a start tag." This is what I said in my previous comment, albeit much more succinctly.
As for your second comment, regarding the space before the slash, I don't understand its relevance to my comment. I said nothing about the space in the element; I only referred to the effect of the slash. Also, you're talking about XHTML, and linking to its spec, in a discussion regarding HTML5. If I'm missing your point, please clarify.
[1] http://dev.w3.org/html5/spec/single-page.html#elements-0
My comment about the spaces was trivia on top of your trivia. I thought it was relevant because all of your examples of self-closing tags had a space.