What are you talking about? The jammers are on the ground. Just like receivers on the ground can be jammed with bad RF nearby, so can receivers in space. You just point the bad RF towards the receiver
I don’t think the almanacs are necessary for the system to work, in theory. But I believe they’re commonly used by receivers to narrow down the range of possibilities when trying to find a PRN match for a signal they’re getting.
(I’ve dealt with GPS and similar navigation signals for work but am not an expert, this is just the impression I’ve gotten over a few years)