Part of the problem seems to be that he’s trying to derive a large portion of philosophy from first principles and low-n observations.

This stuff has been well-trodden by Dennett, Frankfurt, Davidson, and even Hume. I don’t see any engagement with the centuries (maybe millennia) of thought on this subject, so it’s difficult to determine whether he thinks he’s the first to notice these challenges or what new angle he’s bringing to the table.