History of what now? Gold is a volatile commodity. It has crashed, many times, often catastrophically, and had bear markets that dwarf anything you see in stocks.. A quick search tells me that inflation-adjusted gold prices dropped like 80% between 1979 and 2000.
And given its value right now, it's probably due for another.
Given all that, it's easy to see why the value of gold has plummeted during the 70s - 00s. Though I could see two reasons as to why gold prices are rising during the last decade:
- Gold is actually just a part of the asset bubble (in the same group as housing, stocks, and crypto), and investment in it is aided by too much money printed by the US government not being used towards productive ends but towards rampant asset speculation.
- The current era of neo-liberalism is going to end pretty soon, and some goldbugs are rooting for the revival of late 19th-century classical capitalism, where gold was actually the international standard. I think this is very unlikely though, even if the US dollar loses its status with the end of the petrodollar system. My guess is we're going to deal with free-floating currencies for quite some time, especially when wars are going to happen and governments have to print more money to sustain their war efforts. (I think the best monetary system would be neither gold or crypto, but instead something like the Bancor (https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bancor))
For the working classes, the peak was the dotcom bubble - everything after that has been repeated speculative bubbles attempting to create explosive growth from nothing of substance, as much a deliberate decision of Capital to weaken the working classes while extracting wealth as it was a desperation gambit by an increasingly stable (but not yet stagnant circa mid-2000s) western hemisphere and its governments. Gold alone isn’t an indicator of this, so much as all asset prices skyrocketing to the moon while worker wages remained relatively flat and precarity increased. Metals, securities, housing, land, all of it has appreciated faster than working wages have kept pace, reflecting a siphoning of that wealth into fewer hands.
Gold just makes the story “neater” to tell to folks lamenting the heyday of Breton Woods.