nothing. And banning ALPR wont fix anything either. All cars have 4 unique serial numbers broadcast via radio at all times via the TPMS system. you don't even need a camera, just a radio receiver.
Mine doesn't.
Some VWs used to use wheel speed, though, which was fun because they added tyre pressure checking with a software upgrade. Not terribly accurate, but enough to tell you if one was low.
Ideally the implementation would be immaterial to a ban. The ban (or more likely first, warrant requirement similar to cell data) would be on the tracking database, not the details of how the tracking was accomplished.
If you get a car old enough, you won't need to worry about TPMS (but that car will not have been tested against recent crash test scenarios).
My car is old enough that it doesn't have TPMS sensors but I have looked into third party ones. It looks like there's all kinds of systems, from custom UHF to Bluetooth LE. No idea what your car uses.