Ancient peoples were fully as intelligent as us.
Maybe even smarter as there was no lead poisoning their brains!
Ancient peoples were fully as intelligent as us.
Maybe even smarter as there was no lead poisoning their brains!
It's a good guess the people who made these artifacts (the bronze ones particularly) suffered from lead poisoning: lead was a primary alloying metal for bronze. You can even look up elemental analysis for BMAC bronze artifacts specifically: "...contain appreciable amounts of arsenic (up to 3%) and lead (up to 4%), as did bronzes of the preceding chronological horizons"[0].
The early smelting techniques simply released everything into the open atmosphere, as fine particulate fumes. Environmental samples going back 5,200 years show regional-scale lead pollution[1] from Bronze Age metals smelting.
[0] https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/earth-science/articles/... (under "3.1.3 Bronzes of the Late Bronze Age II")
[1] https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-024-01921-7
("The smelting- and cupellation-related release of Pb into the environment is predominantly via the fine-particle fraction and, as such subject to large-scale atmospheric transport, resulting in a supra-regional to hemisphere-wide distribution9,10,11,20,21,22,23")
It's somewhat different from "smart", isn't it? Since it includes everyone.
Regarding sanitation, there is evidence that they understood the corruption of the flesh and many Bronze Age cultures had topical treatments that were quite effective antiseptics. So, while not understanding what bacteria are, they still knew the effect.
How about: ancient people had brains that were physically similar to anyone modern, and sometimes they came up with one or two good ideas, but they were generally poorly informed and full of misconceptions by modern standards.
How can you possibly call yourself an intelligent person if you cannot speak Cantonese?
(I don't like tonal languages because they interfere with tone of voice, and Cantonese has extra tones.)
Being able to read Chinese could be advantageous, and then I'd be less of an idiot, it's true.