Linux Kernel Explorer
reverser.dev
reverser.dev
https://www.reddit.com/r/interestingasfuck/comments/1acgks3/...
https://triberuth.wordpress.com/2016/09/23/my-talmud-layout-...
Code isn't linear the same way, and pages don't make as much sense, but that idea of layers of commentary rings out in this Linux Kernel Explorer as well. I very much like the notes on the side!
(*maybe, not 100% sure)
There are a lot of misconceptions and mystique surrounding the Talmud. I'd like to take the opportunity to clarify some fundamental aspects, as relates to the discussion here:
The famous "Talmud page" (discussed in the links in the parent comment) was set by a Christian printer in the 16th century.
It emulated a common layout in medieval Christian manuscripts for Christian primary texts and commentaries [0].
The analogy of the Talmud to a hypertext isn't especially apt, IMO. The Talmud indeed extensively cites Bible and Mishnah, and uses lots of technical terms. In this regard, a better analogy is to legal literature (which is what the Talmud in fact is). While being couched as a (fictional) "conversation"/dialogue between rabbis who lived over the course of ~400 years (100 CE to 500 CE).
In fact, Kabbalah (as another commenter mentioned) is a better example of a “hypertext,” since it’s full of recurring symbols that point to different Sefirot and other core concepts.
(By way of credentials: I hold an MA in academic Talmud and Kabbalah, write on these subjects in several venues, and have presented at academic workshops. Over the past two years, I’ve also been developing digital-humanities projects related to this work.)
References:
[0] https://seforimblog.com/2023/06/from-print-to-pixel-digital-...
[1] https://www.ezrabrand.com/p/beyond-the-mystique-correcting-c...
Sefaria is incredible, it's revolutionized access to classical texts. And their API gives full and complete access. My vibe-coded Talmud reader website fetches Talmud, Bible, and translations from Sefaria, you might be interested in checking it out :)
Source code here:
https://github.com/EzraBrand/replit-chavrutai-2
I've been vibe-coding it over the last few months using Replit, it's been a really cool experience
Isn’t it? Every page of the Talmud includes marginal notes (Masoret HaShas, Ein Mishpat, Torah Or) giving cross-references to relevant parts of the Torah, Talmud and other legal codes. In a web-based version I think it would be natural to represent those with hypertext.
True, and the website "Al Hatorah" indeed does that, for the marginal notes that you list. See, for example: https://shas.alhatorah.org/Gemara/Berakhot/2a
But my point is that those marginal notes are an artifact of the 16th century print edition. It's not anything inherent in the Talmud text.
The famous 16th-century Mikraot Gedolot edition of the Bible also features extensive marginal notes (the Mesorah) which function much like a dense network of cross-references.
In fact, the Mesorah is a medieval work (drawing on ancient sources) and is arguably was one of the most elaborate systems of cross-referencing found anywhere, at the time it was promulgated.
This differs from the Talmud’s cross-referencing, which doesn't predate the printed edition (as I note in the Seforim Blog article; the page citations are reliant on the universal page numbers that started from the first print edition).
OK, fair enough, if ‘the Talmud text’ is taken to be only the Mishna and the Gemara. (Though when I think of the Talmud it’s the printed edition that comes to mind, with all its accompanying commentary.)
EDIT: I had a look at your blog and saw you actually addressed this exact point already: https://www.ezrabrand.com/i/162112983/myth-the-talmud-is-div...
I love this. I love how the users of Hacker News provide deep, real insights on pretty much any topic. Thank you!
The AI Era: “Meh, best I could do is AI rehashes of the same old functionality in a different web framework.”
The GitHub APIs that you are using to list files are getting rate-limited in my case. If somebody else is also facing this issue, just use a VPN or something like Cloudflare Wrap to change your ip - this should fix the issue.
P.S If you are the main dev, giving an option to the visitor to sign in using Github or use a caching layer will be really helpful to make this accessible for the new user.
Found a bug: in the Chapter 2, when I click on "open" next to "mm/" or other dirs, I get an error: " Failed to load file - Invalid file response from GitHub API - File: mm/". I guess it's cause it tries to open the dir as a file, instead of something like pointing at the dir in the dir tree?
For the same reason I created a couple of projects with the same goal of lowering the barrier to entry to the linux kernel:
- an app to follow the UDP packet flow in the linux kernel source code: https://dmkskd.github.io/linux-kernel-network-stack-visualiz...
- a (hopefully) simple way to play with the linux kernel source code on a mac: https://github.com/dmkskd/linux-kernel-debugging-on-mac
Kudos to https://github.com/FlorentRevest for all his work in the space
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File%3ANetfilter-packet-flow.s...
if you have an ARM64 mac (sorry for only supporting this OS at the moment) it should be easy to set this up on your end
Elixir works better on mobile despite being around for years.
What's the use?
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LXR_Cross_Referencer
which when I started working with Linux was a great asset. At some point it seems it inspired a reimplementation in Python:
Whatever the reason, and I'm not writing this to say that you are one such account or not, adopting a near identical commenting approach is probably why a lot of your comments have been struggling.
Whatever the reasons for these new accounts, and I'm not writing this to say that you are one such account or not, adopting a near identical style and template in certain responses is probably why some of your comments have been struggling.
Why not create your own? This is as wild as open-source expectations of a speedy implementation, addressing issues quickly, etc. Folks always want more and more.
Reading the Linux kernel linearly is impossible because it’s not just code anymore—it’s 30 years of hardware quirks, scheduling theory, and architectural compromises solidified into C.
Tools like Elixir tell you where a symbol is defined. Tools like this attempt to answer why it's structured that way. As systems complexity outpaces human working memory, we need more "archaeological" tools that visualize the state machine, not just the text.
It's also not visible in the directory tree on the left.
(Oddly enough another comment mentioned this already and is voted dead. Why?)
"The kernel isn't a process—it's the system. It serves user processes, reacts to context, and enforces separation and control."
This is actually based on "The Kernel in The Mind" by Moon Hee Lee. You are welcome to provide feedback.
From "The Kernel in the Mind":
> The Kernel Is Not a Process. It Is the System.
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse/kernel-mind-moon-hee-lee-miwz...
It's X but Y came from elsewhere.
> not of function calls, but of how the kernel responds
> The kernel is not a process but the very foundation
> The Linux kernel is not just a set of subsystems—it is a layered system that enforces structure at runtime
> This flexibility does not come from runtime detection or dynamic reconfiguration. It comes from structure.
> Identity is not discovered at runtime. It is defined before execution begins.
> The kernel doesn't view memory as a simple map, but as a responsibility
> Memory Is Not a Place. It’s a System.
> Memory safety relies on disciplined handoffs, not centralized control or type enforcement.
> The Linux kernel goes beyond executing code; it enforces strict control
> Kernel execution is not linear code—it’s structured control
This legitimately hurts to read. I think I'm going to have an aneurysm if I continue.
This looks like a really interesting resource. Can anybody here vouch for its accuracy or usefulness? I can't find a ton about it online. The fact that it's only published as a series of LinkedIn posts, or a PDF attached to a LinkedIn post, does not fill me with confidence - but I guess we can't expect kernel devs to know how to create websites?
This isn't true of any modern operating system. Kernel code isn't confined to a single process or even a limited number of processes. Transitioning to kernel mode doesn't necessitate switching to a dedicated process. Prior to the emergence of CPU speculative execution vulnerabilities, it was common for kernel code to be mapped directly into the virtual address spaces of userspace processes.
PID 0 is merely an implementation detail of the scheduler shared among many Unices. It doesn't function like a normal process, nor is it an accurate representation of how the large part of the kernel operates.
I also did have Linux in mind when writing my comment, but this is basic to how any major general purpose operating system works. Besides, I can't possibly exclude Linux when I say "any modern operating system."
More crucially, kthreads are supplementary components of the Linux kernel. They represent just one method of running tasks asynchronously and don't represent the entirety of the kernel.
At this point you’re arguing over technicalities to somehow validate your objectively incorrect statements. The kernel isn't "special process zero," period. The kernel isn't a process. You can't rely on a process to implement the machinery required to run processes. Furthermore, the parts that do have PIDs aren't even assigned PID 0, except for the idle task.
If you don't believe me, just ask the kernel itself. There is no /proc/0.
What do you have in mind when you say "step through" the code? Like follow your scrolling of the source code?
maybe its a bug?
1) find the command it uses with describe-keybinding, you find the command "save-buffer"
2) "describe-command save-buffer" brings you onto the lisp world where it is defined => "files.el"
3) want to know how a variable is define within files.el? "describe-variable buffer-file-name" and now you are in C territory
4) rinse and repeat with some describe-function when needed
5) get lost onto the beauty of emacs which in my opinion is its interactive / self documenting nature which unfortunatly is not more common in all the software we use