From the title I was expecting that they are creating structural colors, which you could "grow" and which don't need chemicals. Finding out that it's chemical dye made by bacteria really feels misleading
Of course, I doubt you can do that to any random substrate, since the color will depend on the properties of the material.
So imagine a technology that shines a laser on a car or a block of concrete and makes it blue
There is something like that for sheets of steel at least
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2ncEfAxkuFAAnd here is a video explains it https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RsGHr7dXLuI
eg: https://youtu.be/nfNvuTMDXNg?t=1420
In which a good machinist from Queensland, Australia discovers a crack and states he'll have to get the metal tested before he can repair the crack.
You know, to match the chemical composition, expansion rates, etc.