Do they get to advance until they're in first place? And then what? It stops there or does India get a shot at being first place? Then Nigeria?
Meanwhile what does the climate look like if every single country executes the China 1945-2025 playbook?
In an even fairer world, huge renewable exporters would get credit / per capita adjustments for exporting net renewable and fossil exporers would get opposite. Oh and countries with high TFR or advanced economies with high immigration that multiplies an immigrant's emission (i.e. poor -> rich flow) would get penalized. But that's even less likely to happen because it's obvious whose interest these sensible proposals undermine, because climate change isn't a scientific of enviromental problem, it's a geopolitcal one.