TEEs don't work, period.
FHE does (ok, it's much slower for now).
FHE does (ok, it's much slower for now).
You can ALWAYS break them, it's just a matter of cost, even assuming they're perfectly designed and have no design/implementation flaws. And they're often not perfectly designed, sometimes requiring no physical hardware tampering.
TEEs make attacker's lives harder. Unless you can find a way to make your interposer invisible and undetectable, the value is limited.