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in this example, aren't the scoping rules for c pretty much the same?

what do the annotations for the tool look like? is the analysis local, in that it doesn't look into the bodies of other functions? if it is, surely you would have to have lifetimes and be generic over them.

how much c code satisfies the tool? if there's hardly any c satisfying the tool, there might actually be a larger ecosystem of rust code to use.

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So the annotations for such tools are pre/post conditions for certain properties (say, pointer validity, ownership). Like types, function annotations can sometimes be inferred, or they may need to be explicit. Once that information is known about a function, there's no need for the tool to look inside it again when analysing callers.

If you want to get a sense of what that may look like, see https://www.frama-c.com (which is a community project, so maybe not as smooth and polished like more professional tools).

Well, Frama-C is maintained thanks to public funding (Europe/France) and industrial users who use it for actual certification of systems. For example, Thales (Common Criteria EAL7), Airbus (DO-178C), EDF (ISO 60880). I don't know what you mean by professional tool if this is not professional ;)

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