One of the greatest need for energy in the next few years is going to be for air conditioning if this really works it is going to be put another nail in the coffin of Oil and gas industry.
Thermoelectric cooling is notable for not having any moving parts and ability to scale down to small sizes, so it might end up having many specialized applications, but for A/C heat pumps are already very effective.
In practice I strongly suspect most peltier based systems are built very cheaply... because their inefficiency means the majority of the market is bordering on a scam. Sophisticated consumers aren't going to be buying very many fridges built with them (of course you might have a niche use case where they actually make sense and you're willing to pay for a quality product, but do most purchasers?).
There's engineering challenges here, but I believe the science is pretty clear that in principle these beat gas phase change systems.
Do you know by how much?
Edit: And just for reference peltier devices are usually 10-15% efficiency on this scale. So I suppose this new one is somewhere in the 20-30% range.
"better" "cheaper" "cleaner" is buried by political spite agendas