INapGPU: Text-mode graphics card, using only TTL gates
github.com
github.com
1) The CD4000 series is about the slowest logic family that's still on the market. Switching to anything else - 74LS, 74HC, take your pick - will improve your fMax dramatically.
2) Every IC on your board needs a decoupling capacitor as close to its power/ground pins as possible. Not having those is probably causing a lot of weird behavior, including the "interference" you're seeing from other devices.
Right, I think they were more just like "VGA cards" or "graphics adapters" for a while, and before that would have been CGA/EGA/Hercules, etc. I view the first GPUs as being those with 2D + 3D acceleration.
https://www.bbspot.com/News/2003/02/ati_ascii.html
50x18 chars... well, I've seen a patched Nethack for the Zipit Z2 (altough you can perfectly set a micro-font being able to fit a whole standard 80x24/25 char screen).
The number of issues you'll face that you'll NEVER be able to explain without them is ... not small...