Apple builds massive 20 Megawatt solar farm in North Carolina
gigaom.com
gigaom.com
I'm sure no one would be confused by the difference between joules and joules per second.
I think the general populace, the industry, and certainly the professionals in Northern California have become pretty well educated on this topic, mostly as a result of the prevalence here of energy startups, solar panel installations, and needing to understand what that "$0.31/kWh" on their PG&E bill means.
Might be different in other places though.
I suspect you're not the demographic the commenter was aiming at.
And how many fuel deliveries a week does it need?
Here is a 47MW plant in Cuba using those generators, looks pretty big:
Solar is getting really cheap these days. It's very exciting.
700 kg / h
0.76 m^3 / h
201 US gallons / h (isn't that convenient?)
$703 / h running on the good stuff
$17k / day
$123M for 20 years at today's spot price
For a single genset. Call it $750M for a 20MW plant running continuously for 20 years. Feel free to factor in a prediction for rising cost of fuel oil. I pay over $9 per US gallon for premium diesel car fuel in the UK...The best way would probably to invest in thorium and other modern nuclear technologies. But that's not desired. Waterpower is limited by nature. Currently the real alternative seems to be wind and depending on where you are solarthermal and geothermal. Especially massive offshore wind/wave plants. But all of this requires a restructuring of the power grid and massive pump-storage plants.
And I don't think c2 was considering diesel as a future alternative but just trying to give an idea about the size requirements.
In fact, the next generation of Chinese panels for US customers will only be _expensive_ because of protectionist import tariffs. See http://solartribune.com/2012-05-30-u-s-import-tariffs-could-....
So you will need around 12-30 of those depending on engine choice(1). You will also need fuel tanks, pipes, fire suppression equipment, electrical equipment access roads etc. Also you will need to space everything apart for fire safety, to prevent overheating and to prevent those diesels from breathing in each other's exhaust.
So by the time you are done I would not be surprised if you require about as much space as the solar plant. And of course you will have a bunch diesel exhaust and a lot of noise, so even if you do get a smaller footprint, the land you save will be of very limited use.
Solar plants have much better footprint than it seems, because they do not really impact the land around them. Most other types of power plants will have very significant impact on the land around them and therefore they effectively take up much more space than it seems.
(0)- http://pdf.directindustry.com/pdf/hyundai-heavy-industries-d...
(1) I know the video shows around five of them only, it seems the video has been cut off in the middle.
My gut feeling is still that something is wrong if a 20 MW plant is called "massive". I'd expect a massive power plant to produce gigawatts, not a few megawatts. That's the feeling I tried to convey with my bad example.
I searched "acres refinery" to get an idea of how much land an oil refinery takes up (required, in addition to oil fields, for your diesel generators). Chevron's Richmond refinery took up 435 acres in 1915, expanded over the years to to 2,900 acres in 2002. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevron_Richmond_Refinery
As for "why there", maybe that was one of the sunniest parts of the US. Maybe Apple has a datacenter nearby or will soon build one -- either for expansion of current cloud services or for new services.
The second sentence of the article:
"After the interview they kindly sent me these aerial video stills that they took from a plane above Apple’s solar farm, next to its data center in the city of Maiden."
"By the end of 2012, we’ll meet the energy needs of our Maiden, North Carolina, data center using entirely renewable sources. To achieve this, we’re building our own facilities that will provide over 60 percent of the clean power we need."
In 2010 I visited South Africa and went to Jozi Power, a company that delivers modular mobile power on demand using shipping containers to various sites across Africa. I wrote about it here: http://joubert.posterous.com/modular-mobile-power
http://us.sunpowercorp.com/about/the-worlds-standard-for-sol...
Slightly more surface area, back mirror, etc.
The other commentators are missing what the OP is talking about. The grammar is incorrect.
What's 20 MW in comparison to usage for a typical company? (I'm not bashing Apple, just for the avoidance of any doubt.)
Apple is doing this site because its greener than coal and I doubt they want to run diesel or a turbine. Greenpeace and other environmental companies have been giving Apple grief and the solar farm is part of their response to that. Apparently they also have 5 MW of fuel cells in the farm (where FC is more efficient than coal power plants and by extension fewer co2 emissions for same power). Turbines can easily provide that power and can get up to 60% efficiency in converting natural gas to electricity in ideal circumstances but are also pretty big and loud and may require an actual operations team to run and might be hard to get one that small. Diesel can be more compact but tend to be very inefficient in converting fuel to electricity and you still have to ensure its getting fuel.
http://www.eia.gov/emeu/consumptionbriefs/cbecs/pbawebsite/o... gives 18.9kWh per square foot for office buildings. I assume that is per year (that makes it 50Wh per square foor per day, or 2W continuous per square foot. That seems a bit low, but it includes nights and weekends, and the 25W per square foot I get when that 18.9 is per month seems awfully high)
Let's guess 20MW translates to 100MWh per day (probably generous). That way, it would translate to about 5000 square-foot-years per day, or 1.8 million square-foot-years per year. So, it would power a 1.8M square foot office building. At (guessing) 200 square feet per office worker, that would be about 9000 office workers.
I guess this will mainly power a server park, though. As such, it would power a 4MW server park. At (guessing) 500W/server, that would be 8k machines.
(with lots of handwaiving, possibly some miscalculations, so corrections are welcome)
This is not surprising considering the plummeting cost of solar panels.
My point was not to assume that this makes sense economically just because Apple did it. They have other ways of getting their money back and if they lose, it's just a rounding error http://finance.yahoo.com/q/cf?s=AAPL&annual
You sure have seen the Beyond Petroleum ads, haven't you? http://www.environmentalleader.com/2008/01/15/beyond-petrole...
;)