GoDaddy Outage: What happened and how was it fixed?

It'd be useful to split a thread dedicated to having a constructive look at the event. Maybe HN should get into the habit of doing this.

Chronology Who How Where How was it dealt with How was it fixed How to protect your own site or service from this kind of attack etc.

Please refrain from posting irrelevant crap to this thread. I ask other HN'ers to mercilessly down-vote anything that isn't on-topic.