if your location data is continuous, but happens to "switch off" when you're doing something sensitive, then it's like a blaring alarm that this is the period of time that is "sus". It gives any sort of LEA/feds a time period to investigate, and might even be the evidence they need for a search warrant.
Therefore, you should not just hide your signal only when you are doing sensitive things. You should periodically hide it going to groceries, going to the shops etc. You might want to do it regularly, as part of your daily life. Camouflage only works if it cannot be used to tell apart your activities.
Last I checked, the large carriers in the states hoard this information for years.
The part that really is optional is where the carrier then stores and even sells your location. They are mandated by law with respect to the first and they abuse the technical capabilities of the system for the second. And even if it isn't very precise for a single measurement it is in fact quite precise after you haven't moved for a while.
You can buy data about the incomes of people driving past a given intersection. That's why you'll see a Starbucks sometimes on a trunk road in a sketch area.
Not any more. 5G changes this now that the location spying is baked into the cell tech itself. The base stations are literally steering the beam to follow you in order to achieve such high bandwidth. See “5G NR Positioning Enhancements in 3GPP Release-18” (2024): https://arxiv.org/html/2401.17594v1
“New radio (NR) positioning in the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Release 18 (Rel-18) enables 5G-advanced networks to achieve ultra-high accuracy positioning without dependence on global navigation satellite systems (GNSS)”
“Release 18 (Rel-18) NR pushes the boundaries even further, unlocking the potential for applications in 5G-Advanced networks that demand ultra-high positioning accuracy – down to centimeter-level (cm-level)” (emphasis mine)
Even though modern cellular deployments have increased the positioning accuracy a bit, best in class network telemetry (either embedded or third party probes) that estimate positions from timing advances is still pretty crap in real life.
There are other tricks you can use such as "minimization of drive tests" that get the A-GPS position (which again, is not always that accurate, because it's cached), but this kind of telemetry is enabled only on small samples, because it has a non-trivial impact on the network performance.
Then I guess you could use straight up illegal ways such as abusing the E911 / E112 location tracking.
With the idea being that I use a second phone to connect to my main phone over the internet.
This lets the phone number you actually have associated with you stay in the same fixed geographical location.
E.g. all calls are initiated by the primary phone and tunnelled over the internet to the disposable phone.
But for apps like WhatsApp, Signal, SMS, iMessage etc. they would all need their own workarounds.
You will however have a problem with registering on those with a VoIP number - those ranges are generally blacklisted due to bad actors misusing those numbers for nefarious purposes.
https://www.xda-developers.com/android-12-killing-native-sip...
https://support.ooma.com/home/ooma-app-faq/#can-i-make-emerg...
1. Go outside
2. Break the phone in half
3. Toss it in the nearest garbage can
4. Walk away
Run. Half phone will burst into flames.
* does anyone know if this is still true?
Burners / prepaid SIM's are still a thing.
I once suggested some alternatives to him like Meshtastic, but he travels too much to random places for that to be practical.