If a restaurant is so popular that they're often running out of food, it's perfectly reasonable for them to raise their prices.
If there was less egg available for a given day, McDonald's [^1] don't charge more for a McMuffin, they sell fewer McMuffins
I'd argue AirBnb's approach here is more like Uber's surge rates. Which are clearly more extreme than anything taxi cabs did (bar the occasional bad actor)
[^1]: mcdonalds is stretching the "restaurant" analogy here, but they have a higher consistent turnover so seem like a closer comparison