I never use this Windows installation though and it contains no valuable/personal data. It's effectively a honey-pot operation system. I have a Linux installation on there too (my "real" os) which takes up the vast majority of the drive and uses full disk encryption. I insert a USB stick at startup which contains the boot partition+loader and boot from that.
I wrote it up here: https://grepular.com/Protecting_a_Laptop_from_Simple_and_Sop...
Luckily he's not identified as a terrorist. Because those people are subject to extraordinary rendition and intense interrogation techniques, and detained without trial.
Overall, it's probably better to just give them your encrypted data. If you're not doing anything illegal, you don't have much to worry about. In my case, my data consists of software projects, personal diary/e-mails, etc. Nothing incriminating.
In principle what they're doing is wrong (violating your privacy and searching you without a warrant), but in the long run it'll probably just save you time to comply. Unless you're doing anything illegal, giving them your data shouldn't really be a problem.
If they "accidentally" share / release NDA'd corporate data (never heard of this happening), you can always take them to court. Heck, you can even take them to court for searching you without a warrant.
Not at a border crossing - at least not for a non-US resident.
Waking from sleep is faster and I don't have to re-open my applications and documents. Shutting it down would save a small amount of power but that's rarely an issue (I'd shut it down if I was flying somewhere).
Are there some benefits to shutting it down I'm overlooking?
I suspected that I might be frustrated by having to boot up my machine every time I use it, because I'd become accustomed to suspend to ram. It hasn't turned out that way. It doesn't bother me at all.
http://www.remkoweijnen.nl/blog/2011/03/11/aes-ni-benchmarks...