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Both EAC and BattleEye are also kernel level anticheats nowadays. Only if you're running them under Linux do they run in userspace only. Other than that it's pretty much only VAC, Overwatch's anticheat and maybe some other obscure ones that run in userspace.

No, very few of them actually use kernel level anti cheat.

What are the biggest vendors for anti-cheat that avoids that level of access?

Battleye and EAC are he biggest 3rd party AC and they've been in kernel for many years.

There’s also this little known title, I think I have this right—“Grand Theft Auto”.