1. airline ticket holder minutes wasted due to flight delays and cancelations.
2. amount of jet fuel wasted on empty flights for the purpose of keeping gate privileges.
3. money spent attempting to acquire or merge with other airlines and attendant FTC defense preparation.
4. (any and all other wastes of revenue that do not get invested in the consumer and instead are paid by the consumer).
There is more to the story than the price per mile. And that's not even opening the can of worms that is the quality and comfort of the flight for the consumer...