Strangers in the Middle of a City: The John and Jane Does of L.A. Medical Center
latimes.com
latimes.com
These are unquestionably unconstitutional but that's never fixed because the DA will never pursue charges.
Without charges nobody can force the issue because nobody has standing.
This is one of the reasons why people are very upset with the Palantir stuff at the federal level, joining IRS and Social Security data with other information. The data is basically all FTI and SS information now (which is secret/protected) and many uses of it are crimes.
I consulted on a criminal case years ago where local government people were criminally charged for aggregating child support (Tax data) and police data, and using it inappropriately.
I'd rather die a "John Doe" than live in an authoritarian police state where it's a crime to not give ID to police.