I'm an icon snob myself, and have fond appreciation for the glossy 3D icons of Mac OS X's past—the Pages inkwell, the "Here's to the crazy ones" easter egg in TextEdit, etc. I abhor the minimal-effort iPhone Mirroring icon in Sequoia.
I think the automatically generated icons for your apps look completely fine. And basically all of the examples you showed. You could remove the border on Bonjeff or add a background color to Underpass (or any of them) if you really wanted. If I had StopThe* side by side in my Dock, I would probably wish the octagons were the same size, but they might not have been to begin with?
(My favorite icons might be in Books.app → Book Store → Sections.)