Yes, but it's going to come too late for climate change, and I'd wager that the percentage of people - relative to the total population - living at 'first world' standards is going to increase nevertheless, which is also bad for the environment.

Not necessarily. There are a lot of second and third order effects to consider.

Not really. The ideas that survive into the future will be the ideas of societies that sustain themselves. And it doesn't seem to coincide with "enlightened" ideas that much, including the desire to protect the environment.

Though I'm way more worried about e.g. women rights than the environment.

Yes