Direct link to the paper [0]. They're drawing emissions data from an earlier paper [1]. Here's the key bit from that earlier paper describing the difference between investment emissions and consumption emissions:

> Consumption-related emissions come from the carbon released by the direct use of energy (e.g. fuel in a car) or its indirect use (e.g. energy embedded in the production of goods and services consumed by individuals). Investment-related emissions are emissions associated with choices made by capital owners about investments in the production process (i.e. emissions involved in the construction of machines, factories, etc.).

I'm not an expert in any of this and can't judge how it actually did the math, but on the surface this seems like a reasonable way of attributing emissions.

[0] https://www.nature.com/articles/s41558-025-02325-x

[1] https://lucaschancel.com/global-carbon-inequality-1990-2019/