Phones today show in the status bar if the camera/microphone is active.
They started in ios14, iOS 17 got new Secure Exclave path that (A18, M4).
Search for “Secure Indicator Light”.
Also searching for “Secure Exclave” will reveal some fun reads.
https://9to5mac.com/2024/09/11/iphone-16-privacy-feature-m4-...
I couldn’t find a more technical article but this was when it was released.
Plus, what could a hacker really do with voice recordings that they couldn't do more easily with keylogging? It's not exactly common for people to say their credit card info or passwords aloud, much more common to type it