For some reason, I struggle to see Berlin as a deep-tech hub. Most startups there seem to focus on consumer-facing products—like Zalando, Flink, and HelloFresh. In contrast, Munich is clearly leading the way in deep-tech within Germany. The investments raised by companies like Helsing and Isar likely surpass the combined funding of all the startups listed on that page. Munich also benefits from strong technical universities and the presence of major R&D offices from companies like Apple and NVIDIA.