For Infrastructure, we are moving to single monorepo where they PR into the repo and GHA runs it. Most of time, they are using Modules we wrote but we don't run alot of cloud native stuff. Most of it is Database, possibly Redis, maybe storage, occasionally Pub/Sub. Modules are supposed to load up rules and forward it to the teams in Pagerduty but that doesn't always happen which fall through to us. I'd say most teams infrastructure changes only 1-2x year except when a new project is getting spun up.

Application can be put into a container and tossed into Kubernetes. We use Kustomize + Templates for most of applications but occasionally those will need to be modified. I'd say that happens once a week.

Other option is ungodly Chef setup that will deploy their applications from Jenkins. We actually package their system up in .deb package that is pushed to subset of boxes that is absolutely nightmare I luckily don't have to deal with. We went full "Write your own Kubernetes" never go full "Write your own Kubernetes" (https://www.macchaffee.com/blog/2024/you-have-built-a-kubern... NOT THE AUTHOR)

Hand off is Container or "My application builds on Jenkins." If everything is running normally, there is nothing to hand off. It's when it's not, I get paged and lack of hand off becomes frustrating. We are also isolated to our group.