Normal system calls transition to kernel space and return back from kernel space. They will change your program's memory/process state as soon as they complete. This gives rr an easy boundary when it "can do its thing" to record memory/process state changes or insert results (during replay).
When does an io_uring request/response complete ? That's difficult to say. The kernel/userspace when using io_uring communicate with each other by checking a queue head or tail with memory accesses to see if something got added/removed from request/response ring buffer.
Think of io_uring and userspace cooperating via memory. (Yes, sometimes "proper" traditional ring crossing system calls are made but what makes io_uring so fast is communicating via memory and not via system calls most of the time). Anyways all this makes it difficult for rr to intervene on the boundary between kernel and userspace because this boundary is elusive when it comes to io_uring. The memory writes cannot be caught by ptrace ! This explanation is simplified of course.
There are some plans to deal with io_uring by rr maintainers https://github.com/rr-debugger/rr/issues/2613