"[...] people regularly spend months behind bars without charges filed against them, much longer than state law allows."
In such a litigious society like the one in the USA, what stops convicts from hiring the lawyer and suing authorities, there are many lawyers who would gladly work for success fee, if indeed the law was broken and they can expect an easy win for a huge amount that people get in US courts because, say, they spilled hot coffee on their laps and it turned out the coffee is hot?