Of course, you couldn't do this too often before they caught on to you.
edit: I have no idea how depositing cheques (checks for you Americans! :D) works here though.
China is also the only country I've found myself in possession of counterfeit currency. Sigh, I guess I should just take the loss of 100 RMB but I keep thinking a little luck in a taxi could keep the system flowing...
You deposit the notes and the machine scans and count everything you deposited and gives you the number. If you agree, your account is credited.
I guess you could design fake notes that pass just the ATM...
Basically it wasn't an ATM but a Nightly Drop box that allowed them to declare the amount of money they were depositing.
In a nutshell: a guy had setup a corporate bank account, which at this particular bank enabled him to use a "nightly dropbox" in which you declare amount of money, then put it in a bag and put it in the dropbox. These bags are not scanned before your account is credited (I know, it's insane), so guy just withdrawed the money and dissapeared.
It's not insane, it's incredibly efficient. Our whole "system" operates on trust. You can certainly find holes in the system if you so choose.
But don't kid yourself: these losses are built into the profit expectations of banks. And they'll try to catch you. If you want to be on the lam for the rest of your life for a million Euros, have fun.