For high performance, the answer is C, C++, Zig or Rust.
For backend it can be Go, it can be Java, it can be C#, it can be Python or Javascript.
C# is on par performance wise with Go and I suspect the same for Java.
Choosing a language for something has to be done by considering trade offs, benefits and disadvantages, on both long and short term.
Rust would fit system programming while Go will fit the backend. I know "the right tool for the job" is very often mentioned but I will mention it again.
For backend I would be interested in a functional language, be it F#, OCaml, Elixir or Clojure, because I grew tired of OOP, SOLID, design patterns, clean coding, kingdom of nouns and Uncle Bob. All things, I used long ago to believe in. But since no one is hiring functional programming and I don't have the resources to be the sole owner and developer of a startup, I am stuck in kingdom of nouns.