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That’s probably the main performance benefit of using the GPU. If you’re changing the active expert for every single token then it wouldn’t be any faster than just running it on the CPU. Once you can reuse the active expert for two tokens you’re already going to be a lot faster than just the CPU.

More GPUs let you keep more experts active at a time.

Expert distribution should be approximately random token-by-token, so not likely.

That's not how llama.cpp works. It's a layer split. The GPUs handle a few layers and the CPU handles the rest. The GPU layers no matter how fast they complete still have to wait on the CPU layers.

The ipex-llm implementation extends llama.cpp and includes additonal CPU-GPU hybrid optimizations for sparse MoE